Category
Lethal strikes or operations carried out without due process, judicial authorization, or lawful combatant status determination
12 incidents
Grade 3 of 5: Serious Rights Violation
An ICE officer shot and killed Lorenzo Salgado Araujo, a 52-year-old construction worker with no criminal record, during a Houston vehicle stop in which he was not the person ICE was looking for. DHS claims self-defense; no officer wore a body camera. The medical examiner ruled the death a homicide and a county grand jury is investigating.
Grade 4 of 5: Critical Rights and Rule-of-Law Concern
A second American citizen killed by federal agents during Minneapolis immigration enforcement protests. The deaths of Renee Good and Alex Pretti — both unarmed U.S. citizens — during a single enforcement operation constituted a pattern of excessive force that prompted bipartisan calls for accountability.
Grade 4 of 5: Critical Rights and Rule-of-Law Concern
An ICE agent shot and killed an American woman during an immigration raid in Minneapolis. Video evidence contradicted the government's claim of self-defense. The administration used the killing to threaten the Insurrection Act and escalate immigration enforcement.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
A sustained campaign of Hellfire missile strikes on suspected drug boats has killed at least 231 people (CBS News count, September 2026) without due process, public evidence of drug trafficking, or identification of the dead. Legal experts widely classify these as extrajudicial killings and crimes against humanity.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
US airstrikes killed 68 detained African migrants sleeping in a Sa'ada detention center during Operation Rough Rider. Amnesty International's investigation found no evidence the facility was a military target and concluded the strike was indiscriminate and must be investigated as a war crime.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
US airstrikes on Yemen's most critical civilian port infrastructure killed 84+ civilians including three children, port workers, truck drivers, and civil defense personnel. HRW found the strikes were an apparent war crime given the port's overwhelmingly civilian character and essential role in sustaining Yemen's population.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
A 53-day US bombing campaign in Yemen produced an unprecedented civilian death toll, with monitoring organizations documenting at least 224 civilian deaths — matching the previous 23 years of US civilian casualties in Yemen. Strikes hit a migrant detention center, a fuel port, and a cancer hospital.
Grade 3 of 5: Serious Rights Violation
US airstrikes in Somalia escalated dramatically in 2025, with AFRICOM claiming zero civilian casualties despite independent monitors documenting dozens of civilian deaths. AFRICOM stopped publishing casualty data and has never paid compensation for civilian harm in the country.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
Trump ordered the killing of Iran's most senior military commander without consulting Congress and without a clear and credible imminent threat justification. The strike killed Soleimani and Iraqi militia commander Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis. Iran retaliated with ballistic missiles against U.S. forces in Iraq. The administration offered contradictory and later-disputed justifications for the 'imminence' of the claimed threat.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
Trump's Somalia designation and overall loosening of targeting rules — including relaxing the 'near-certainty' standard for civilian safety — significantly increased the pace of airstrikes across multiple theaters. Airwars and the Bureau of Investigative Journalism documented substantial increases in civilian casualties in Somalia under the new rules. The administration also reduced the reporting requirements for civilian harm assessments, eliminating the only systematic public accounting of civilian harm.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
Trump granted the military broader strike authority, designated large areas as 'Areas of Active Hostility' enabling expanded strike approvals, removed mandatory civilian harm mitigation steps, and stopped requiring senior White House approval for counterterrorism strikes. Airwars and the UN documented a sharp rise in civilian casualties across Somalia, Yemen, and Afghanistan.
Grade 5 of 5: War Crime / Crime Against Humanity
The Yakla raid was authorized by Trump without the standard national security review process. The operation went wrong from the start: intelligence may have been compromised, the element of surprise was lost, and the ensuing firefight resulted in the deaths of a U.S. service member, three wounded Americans, and an estimated 23–30 Yemeni civilians including at least 8 children. Among the civilians killed was 8-year-old Nawar al-Awlaki, a U.S. citizen — the daughter of cleric Anwar al-Awlaki, who had been killed in a 2011 Obama-era drone strike.